Apache HTTP Server Version 2.0
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Ralf S. Engelschall <[email protected]>
1997³â 12¿ù
ÀÌ ¹®¼´Â mod_rewrite
ÂüÁ¶ ¹®¼¸¦ º¸ÃæÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ ¹®¼´Â À¥°ü¸®ÀÚ°¡ ½ÇÁ¦ ÀÛ¾÷¿¡¼ ºÎµúÄ¡°ÔµÇ´Â ÀüÇüÀûÀÎ URL°ü·Ã ¹®Á¦¸¦ ÇØ°áÇϱâÀ§Çؼ ¾î¶»°Ô ¾ÆÆÄÄ¡ mod_rewrite
¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ´ÂÁö ¼³¸íÇÑ´Ù. URL ÀçÀÛ¼º ±ÔÄ¢À» ¼³Á¤ÇÏ¿© ¹®Á¦¸¦ ÇØ°áÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ» ÀÚ¼¼È÷ ¼³¸íÇÑ´Ù.
mod_rewrite
¼Ò°³¾ÆÆÄÄ¡ mod_rewrite
¸ðµâÀº ±²ÀåÇÏ´Ù. Áï, URLÀ» Á¶ÀÛÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °·ÂÇÏ°í ½Ç·Î Á¤±³ÇÑ ¸ðµâÀÌ´Ù. »ó»óÇØ¿Ô´ø °ÅÀÇ ¸ðµç Á¾·ùÀÇ URL Á¶ÀÛÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±× ´ë°¡·Î »ç¿ëÇϱ⠺¹ÀâÇÏ´Ù. mod_rewrite
ÀÇ ÃÖ´ë ´ÜÁ¡Àº Ãʺ¸ÀÚ°¡ ÀÌÇØÇÏ°í »ç¿ëÇϱ⠽±Áö ¾Ê´Ù´Â Á¡ÀÌ´Ù. ½ÉÁö¾î ¾ÆÆÄÄ¡ Àü¹®°¡µµ Á¾Á¾ mod_rewrite
ÀÇ »õ·Î¿î ¿ëµµ¸¦ ¹ß°ßÇÑ´Ù.
´Ù¸¥ ¸»·Î: mod_rewrite
¿¡ ´ëÇØ ´ç½ÅÀº óÀ½¿¡ °ÌÀ» ¸Ô°í Àý´ë·Î ´Ù½Ã »ç¿ëÇÏÁö ¾Ê°Å³ª, °·ÂÇÔ¿¡ ¸Å·áµÇ¾î ¾ÕÀ¸·Î »î µ¿¾È »ç¶û¿¡ ºüÁú °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ ±ÛÀº ù¹ø° °æ¿ì¸¦ ¸·±âÀ§ÇØ ÀÌ¹Ì ¾Ë·ÁÁø ¸î°¡Áö ¼º°ø»ç·Ê¸¦ ¼Ò°³ÇÏ·Á°í ÇÑ´Ù.
ÀÌÁ¦ ³»°¡ Á÷Á¢ ¸¸µé¾ú°Å³ª ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ¸¸µç ¸¹Àº ½Ç¿ëÀûÀÎ ÇØ°áÃ¥ÀÌ ³ª¿Â´Ù. ¿¹Á¦¿¡¼ URL ÀçÀÛ¼ºÀÇ È渶¼úÀ» ¸¶À½²¯ ¹è¿ì±æ ¹Ù¶õ´Ù.
mod_alias
, mod_userdir
µîÀ» »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù¸é [PT]
Ç÷¡±×¸¦ Ãß°¡ÇÑ´Ù. ȤÀº ÁÖ¼¹ö¼³Á¤/°¡»óÈ£½ºÆ® »ç¿ëÀå¼Ò°¡ ¾Æ´Ñ .htaccess
»ç¿ëÀå¼Ò¿¡ ¾Ë¸Â°Ô ±ÔÄ¢À» ¼öÁ¤ÇÒ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù. »ç¿ëÇϱâ Àü¿¡ Ç×»ó ±ÔÄ¢ÀÌ ¾î¶² ±â´ÉÀ» ÇÏ´ÂÁö ÀÌÇØÇϵµ·Ï Çضó. ±×·¯¸é ¹®Á¦¸¦ ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
ÇÑ ¸®¼Ò½º¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¿©·¯ URLÀ» °¡Áö´Â À¥¼¹ö°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. º¸Åë (½ÇÁ¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ°í ¾Ë·ÁÁ®¾ß ÇÒ) ±âÁØÀÌ µÇ´Â URL°ú, ´ÜÃà ȤÀº ³»ºÎ ¿ëµµÀÇ URLÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. »ç¿ëÀÚ°¡ ¿äû¿¡ ¾î¶² URLÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ´øÁö ±âÁØÀÌ µÇ´Â URL¸¸À» º¸¿©Áà¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
±âÁØÀÌ µÇÁö¾Ê´Â ¸ðµç URLÀ» ºê¶ó¿ìÀú°¡ ¾Ëµµ·Ï °íÄ¡±âÀ§ÇØ ¿ÜºÎ HTTP ¸®´ÙÀÌ·º¼ÇÇÑ´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î ¾Æ·¡ ±ÔÄ¢Àº /~user
¸¦ ±âÁØÀÌ µÇ´Â /u/user
·Î ´ëüÇÏ°í, /u/user
¸¶Áö¸·¿¡ ½½·¡½¬°¡ ¾ø´Ù¸é Ãß°¡ÇÑ´Ù.
RewriteRule ^/~([^/]+)/?(.*) /u/$1/$2 [R] RewriteRule ^/([uge])/([^/]+)$ /$1/$2/ [R]
# 80¹øÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ Æ÷Æ®¿¡¼ ½ÇÇàÇÏ´Â »çÀÌÆ®¿ë RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^fully\.qualified\.domain\.name [NC] RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^$ RewriteCond %{SERVER_PORT} !^80$ RewriteRule ^/(.*) http://fully.qualified.domain.name:%{SERVER_PORT}/$1 [L,R] # ±×¸®°í, 80¹ø Æ÷Æ®¿¡¼ ½ÇÇàÇÏ´Â »çÀÌÆ®¿ë RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^fully\.qualified\.domain\.name [NC] RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^$ RewriteRule ^/(.*) http://fully.qualified.domain.name/$1 [L,R]
DocumentRoot
¸¦ ¿Å±ä °æ¿ìÀ¥¼¹öÀÇ DocumentRoot
´Â º¸Åë URL "/
"°ú Á÷Á¢ °ü·ÃÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀÌ°÷¿¡ ¸ðµç ÀÚ·á°¡ ÀÖÁö ¾Ê°í, ÀÚ·á°¡ ´Ù¸¥ ¿©·¯ °÷¿¡ Èð¾îÁ®ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î ÀÎÆ®¶ó³Ý »çÀÌÆ®¿¡ (¿ÜºÎ¸¦ À§ÇÑ È¨ÆäÀÌÁö) /e/www/
¿Í (ÀÎÆ®¶ó³ÝÀ» À§ÇÑ È¨ÆäÀÌÁö) /e/sww/
°¡ ÀÖ´Ù°í ÇÏÀÚ. ÀÌÁ¦ DocumentRoot
°¡ /e/www/
À̱⶧¹®¿¡, ¿äû¿¡¼ ÆäÀÌÁö¿¡ Æ÷ÇÔµÈ ±×¸² µîÀ» ÀÌ°÷¿¡¼ °¡Á®¿Í¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
¿ì¸®´Â URL /
¸¦ /e/www/
·Î ¸®´ÙÀÌ·º¼Ç¸¸ ÇÏ¸é µÈ´Ù. »ç¼ÒÇØ º¸ÀÌÁö¸¸ ½ÇÁ¦·Î mod_rewrite
¸¦ »ç¿ëÇؼ¸¸ °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù. (mod_alias
µîÀÌ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â) URL Alias °°Àº ÀüÇüÀûÀÎ ¹æ¹ýÀº ¾ÕºÎºÐ¸¸ ã´Â´Ù. DocumentRoot
°¡ ¸ðµç URLÀÇ ¾ÕºÎºÐÀ̱⶧¹®¿¡ ÀÌ ¹æ¹ýÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ¸®´ÙÀÌ·º¼ÇÀ» ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. mod_rewrite
¸¦ »ç¿ëÇϸé ÁøÂ¥ °£´ÜÇÏ´Ù:
RewriteEngine on RewriteRule ^/$ /e/www/ [R]
µð·ºÅ丮¸¦ ÁöĪÇÏ´Â URLÀÇ ¸¶Áö¸· ½½·¡½¬ ¹®Á¦°¡ ¾ø´Ù¸é ¸ðµç À¥°ü¸®Àڴ ȯȣÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ½½·¡½¬°¡ ¾ø´Ù¸é, Áï /~quux/foo/
´ë½Å /~quux/foo
¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¸é ¼¹ö°¡ foo
¶ó´Â ÆÄÀÏÀ» ã±â¶§¹®¿¡ ¿À·ù°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÑ´Ù. ÆÄÀÏÀÌ µð·ºÅ丮À̱⶧¹®¿¡ ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀÌÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ °æ¿ì º¸Åë ¼¹ö°¡ ÀÚµ¿À¸·Î URLÀ» °íÄ¡Áö¸¸, °¡²û Á÷Á¢ ÇØÁà¾ß ÇÒ °æ¿ì°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î, CGI ½ºÅ©¸³Æ® µîÀ¸·Î º¹ÀâÇÑ URL ÀçÀÛ¼ºÀ» ÇÑ ÈÄ¿¡ ±×·¯ÇÏ´Ù.
ÀÌ ¹Ì¹¦ÇÑ ¹®Á¦ÀÇ ÇØ°á¹æ¹ýÀº ¼¹ö°¡ ÀÚµ¿À¸·Î ¸¶Áö¸· ½½·¡½¬¸¦ Ãß°¡ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ºê¶ó¿ìÀú°¡ ³ª¸ÓÁö ±×¸² µîÀ» ¿Ã¹Ù·Î ¿äûÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï, ¿ÜºÎ ¸®´ÙÀÌ·º¼ÇÀ» ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ³»ºÎ ¸®´ÙÀÌ·º¼ÇÀ» ÇÑ´Ù¸é µð·ºÅ丮 ÆäÀÌÁö¿¡¸¸ µ¿ÀÛÇÏ¿© ÀÌ ÆäÀÌÁö°¡ »ó´ë URL·Î Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ´Â ±×¸²À» ºê¶ó¿ìÀú°¡ ¿äûÇÒ¶§ ãÀ» ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î, ¿ÜºÎ ¸®´ÙÀÌ·º¼ÇÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ»¶§ /~quux/foo/index.html
¿¡¼ image.gif
¸¦ ¿äûÇϸé /~quux/image.gif
¸¦ ¿äûÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù!
±×·¡¼ À̸¦ ÇØ°áÇϱâÀ§ÇØ ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ¼³Á¤ÇÑ´Ù:
RewriteEngine on RewriteBase /~quux/ RewriteRule ^foo$ foo/ [R]
Ȩµð·ºÅ丮ÀÇ ÃÖ»óÀ§ .htaccess
ÆÄÀÏ¿¡ ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ¼³Á¤ÇÒ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ó¸®Çϴµ¥ ºÎ´ãÀÌ µÈ´Ù.
RewriteEngine on RewriteBase /~quux/ RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -d RewriteRule ^(.+[^/])$ $1/ [R]
ÀÎÆ®¶ó³Ý À¥¼¹ö±ºÀÇ ¸ðµç À¥¼¹ö¿¡ µ¿ÀÏÇÏ°í ÀÏ°üµÈ URL ±¸Á¶¸¦ ¸¸µé°í ½Í´Ù. Áï, ¸ðµç (Á¤ÀÇ»ó ¼¹ö¿¡ ¼ÓÇÏ¿© ¼¹ö¿¡ ÀÇÁ¸ÀûÀÎ!) URLÀ» ¼¹ö µ¶¸³ÀûÀ¸·Î ¸¸µç´Ù! À¥ À̸§°ø°£¿¡ ¼¹öµ¶¸³ÀûÀÎ µ¿ÀÏÇÑ ±¸Á¶¸¦ ºÎ¿©ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù: URLÀº ½ÇÁ¦ ¼¹ö¸¦ ÁöĪÇÏ¸é ¾ÈµÈ´Ù. ¼¹ö±ºÀÌ ÀÚµ¿À¸·Î ½ÇÁ¦ ¼¹ö·Î À¯µµÇÑ´Ù.
¸ÕÀú »ç¿ëÀÚ, ±×·ì, µ¶¸³Ã¼ÀÇ À§Ä¡ Á¤º¸¸¦ ÀúÀåÇÑ (ºÐ»êµÈ) ¿ÜºÎ¸Ê¿¡ ½ÇÁ¦ ¼¹ö Á¤º¸¸¦ ¾ò¾î¿Â´Ù. ¿ÜºÎ¸ÊÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº Çü½ÄÀÌ´Ù
user1 server_of_user1 user2 server_of_user2 : :
¿ì¸®´Â ÀÌ Á¤º¸¸¦ °¢°¢ map.xxx-to-host
ÆÄÀÏ¿¡ ÀúÀåÇß´Ù. ´ÙÀ½À¸·Î ¸ðµç ¼¹ö¿¡¼ URLÀÌ ¼¹ö¿¡ ¾ø´Ù¸é ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº URLÀ»,
/u/user/anypath /g/group/anypath /e/entity/anypath
´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ¸®´ÙÀÌ·º¼ÇÇÑ´Ù
http://physical-host/u/user/anypath http://physical-host/g/group/anypath http://physical-host/e/entity/anypath
¾Æ·¡ ±ÔÄ¢Àº ¸ÊÆÄÀÏÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ÀÌ ÀÛ¾÷À» ÇÑ´Ù (server0Àº ¸Ê¿¡ Ç׸ñÀÌ ¾ø´Â °æ¿ì »ç¿ëÇÒ ±âº»¼¹ö¶ó°í °¡Á¤ÇÑ´Ù):
RewriteEngine on RewriteMap user-to-host txt:/path/to/map.user-to-host RewriteMap group-to-host txt:/path/to/map.group-to-host RewriteMap entity-to-host txt:/path/to/map.entity-to-host RewriteRule ^/u/([^/]+)/?(.*) http://${user-to-host:$1|server0}/u/$1/$2 RewriteRule ^/g/([^/]+)/?(.*) http://${group-to-host:$1|server0}/g/$1/$2 RewriteRule ^/e/([^/]+)/?(.*) http://${entity-to-host:$1|server0}/e/$1/$2 RewriteRule ^/([uge])/([^/]+)/?$ /$1/$2/.www/ RewriteRule ^/([uge])/([^/]+)/([^.]+.+) /$1/$2/.www/$3\
¸¹Àº À¥°ü¸®ÀÚ´Â À¥¼¹öÀÇ ¸ðµç Ȩµð·ºÅ丮¸¦ ´Ù¸¥ À¥¼¹ö·Î ÀÌÀüÇÑ °æ¿ì ÇØ°áÃ¥À» ¹°¾îº»´Ù. ÀÌ ¹æ¹ýÀº ÀÌÀü ¼¹ö¸¦ ´ëüÇÒ »õ·Î¿î ¼¹ö¸¦ ±¸¼ºÇϴµ¥ ½Ã°£ÀÌ °É¸®´Â °æ¿ì¿¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù.
mod_rewrite
¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¸é °£´ÜÇÏ´Ù. ÀÌÀü À¥¼¹ö´Â ¸ðµç /~user/anypath
URLÀ» http://newserver/~user/anypath
·Î ¸®´ÙÀÌ·º¼ÇÇÏ¸é µÈ´Ù.
RewriteEngine on RewriteRule ^/~(.+) http://newserver/~$1 [R,L]
»ç¿ëÀÚ°¡ ¼öõ¸íÀÎ »çÀÌÆ®´Â º¸Åë Ȩµð·ºÅ丮 ±¸Á¶¸¦ ¸¸µç´Ù. Áï, ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î À̸§ÀÌ »ç¿ëÀÚ¸íÀÇ Ã¹¹ø° ¹®ÀÚÀÎ ÇÏÀ§µð·ºÅ丮¿¡ Ȩµð·ºÅ丮¸¦ µÐ´Ù. ±×·¡¼, /~foo/anypath
´Â /home/f/foo/.www/anypath
ÀÌ°í, /~bar/anypath
´Â /home/b/bar/.www/anypath
ÀÌ´Ù.
¹°°áÇ¥½Ã°¡ ÀÖ´Â URLÀ» À§¿Í °°Àº ±¸Á¶·Î º¯È¯ÇϱâÀ§ÇØ ´ÙÀ½ ±ÔÄ¢À» »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.
RewriteEngine on RewriteRule ^/~(([a-z])[a-z0-9]+)(.*) /home/$2/$1/.www$3
ÀÌ ¿¹´Â ½Ç·Î ÇϵåÄÚ¾îÀûÀÌ´Ù: µð·ºÅ丮º° RewriteRules
¸¦ ¸Å¿ì ¸¹ÀÌ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ÀÚ·á ÀÚü´Â ±×´ë·Î µÐü·Î À¥¿¡ ÀڷḦ ÀÚ¿¬½º·´°Ô ºê¶ó¿ì¡Çϵµ·Ï ÇÑ´Ù. ¹è°æ: ³ª´Â 1992³â ºÎÅÍ ÀÚÀ¯·Ó°Ô »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â À¯´Ð½º ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾îµéÀ» net.sw¿¡ ¸ð¾ÆµÎ°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ÀÌ´Â ³»°¡ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ°úÇÐÀ» °øºÎÇÏ¸é¼ ¿©·¯Çص¿¾È ¿©°¡½Ã°£¿¡ ½Ã½ºÅÛ °ü¸®ÀÚ¿Í ³×Æ®¿÷ °ü¸®ÀÚ¸¦ ÇؿԱ⶧¹®¿¡ ³» Ãë¹ÌÀÌÀÚ ÀÏÀÌ´Ù. ¸ÅÁÖ¸¶´Ù »õ·Î ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î°¡ Ãß°¡µÉ ¶§¸¶´Ù µð·ºÅ丮¸¦ ±í°Ô ¸¸µé¾î¿Ô´Ù:
drwxrwxr-x 2 netsw users 512 Aug 3 18:39 Audio/ drwxrwxr-x 2 netsw users 512 Jul 9 14:37 Benchmark/ drwxrwxr-x 12 netsw users 512 Jul 9 00:34 Crypto/ drwxrwxr-x 5 netsw users 512 Jul 9 00:41 Database/ drwxrwxr-x 4 netsw users 512 Jul 30 19:25 Dicts/ drwxrwxr-x 10 netsw users 512 Jul 9 01:54 Graphic/ drwxrwxr-x 5 netsw users 512 Jul 9 01:58 Hackers/ drwxrwxr-x 8 netsw users 512 Jul 9 03:19 InfoSys/ drwxrwxr-x 3 netsw users 512 Jul 9 03:21 Math/ drwxrwxr-x 3 netsw users 512 Jul 9 03:24 Misc/ drwxrwxr-x 9 netsw users 512 Aug 1 16:33 Network/ drwxrwxr-x 2 netsw users 512 Jul 9 05:53 Office/ drwxrwxr-x 7 netsw users 512 Jul 9 09:24 SoftEng/ drwxrwxr-x 7 netsw users 512 Jul 9 12:17 System/ drwxrwxr-x 12 netsw users 512 Aug 3 20:15 Typesetting/ drwxrwxr-x 10 netsw users 512 Jul 9 14:08 X11/
1996³â 7¿ù ÀÌ ÀúÀå¼Ò¸¦ ¸ÚÀÖ´Â À¥ ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º¸¦ ÅëÇØ ¼¼»ó¿¡ °ø°³Çϱâ·Î °áÁ¤ÇÞ´Ù. "¸ÚÀÖ´Ù"´Â ¸»Àº, ÃÖ»óÀ§ µð·ºÅ丮¿¡ CGI ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®¸¦ µÎÁö ¾Ê°íµµ, ÀúÀå¼Ò °èÃþ±¸Á¶¸¦ Á÷Á¢ ºê¶ó¿ìÁúÇÏ±æ ¹Ù¶õ´Ù´Â ¶æÀÌ´Ù. ¿Ö? ÀúÀå¼Ò¸¦ ³ªÁß¿¡ FTP·Îµµ Á¢±ÙÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ¸¸µé ¿¹Á¤ÀÌ¿´±â¶§¹®¿¡ À¥À̳ª CGI¿Í °ü·ÃµÈ ³»¿ëÀ» °°ÀÌ µÎ±â ½È¾ú´Ù.
ÇØ°áÃ¥Àº µÎ ºÎºÐÀ¸·Î ³ª´¶´Ù: ¸ÕÀú µð·ºÅ丮 ¼öÁØ¿¡¼ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ¸ðµç ÆäÀÌÁö¸¦ µ¿ÀûÀ¸·Î ¸¸µå´Â CGI ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù. ³ª´Â ÀÌ ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®µéÀ» ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ /e/netsw/.www/
¿¡ µÎ¾ú´Ù:
-rw-r--r-- 1 netsw users 1318 Aug 1 18:10 .wwwacl drwxr-xr-x 18 netsw users 512 Aug 5 15:51 DATA/ -rw-rw-rw- 1 netsw users 372982 Aug 5 16:35 LOGFILE -rw-r--r-- 1 netsw users 659 Aug 4 09:27 TODO -rw-r--r-- 1 netsw users 5697 Aug 1 18:01 netsw-about.html -rwxr-xr-x 1 netsw users 579 Aug 2 10:33 netsw-access.pl -rwxr-xr-x 1 netsw users 1532 Aug 1 17:35 netsw-changes.cgi -rwxr-xr-x 1 netsw users 2866 Aug 5 14:49 netsw-home.cgi drwxr-xr-x 2 netsw users 512 Jul 8 23:47 netsw-img/ -rwxr-xr-x 1 netsw users 24050 Aug 5 15:49 netsw-lsdir.cgi -rwxr-xr-x 1 netsw users 1589 Aug 3 18:43 netsw-search.cgi -rwxr-xr-x 1 netsw users 1885 Aug 1 17:41 netsw-tree.cgi -rw-r--r-- 1 netsw users 234 Jul 30 16:35 netsw-unlimit.lst
DATA/
ÇÏÀ§µð·ºÅ丮¿¡ À§¿¡¼ ¸»ÇÑ ÀúÀå¼Ò°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ½ÇÁ¦ net.swÀÇ ³»¿ëÀº º¸Åë rdist
¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ÀÚµ¿À¸·Î °¡Á®¿Â´Ù. µÎ¹ø° ºÎºÐÀÌ ³²¾Ò´Ù: ¾î¶»°Ô ÀÌ µÎ ±¸Á¶¸¦ ÇϳªÀÇ ÀÚ¿¬½º·¯¿î URL ±¸Á¶·Î ¿¬°áÇϴ°¡? »ç¿ëÀÚ¿¡°Ô DATA/
µð·ºÅ丮¸¦ °¨Ãß°í, URL¸¶´Ù ÀûÀýÇÑ CGI ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®¸¦ ½ÇÇàÇÏ°í ½Í´Ù. ÇØ°áÃ¥Àº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù: ¸ÕÀú ¼¹öÀÇ DocumentRoot
¿¡¼ °ø°³µÈ URL /net.sw/
¸¦ ³»ºÎ °æ·Î /e/netsw
·Î ÀçÀÛ¼ºÇϱâÀ§ÇØ µð·ºÅ丮º° ¼³Á¤ÆÄÀÏ¿¡ ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ¼³Á¤ÇÑ´Ù:
RewriteRule ^net.sw$ net.sw/ [R] RewriteRule ^net.sw/(.*)$ e/netsw/$1
ù¹ø° ±ÔÄ¢Àº ¸¶Áö¸·¿¡ ½½·¡½¬°¡ ¾ø´Â ¿äûÀ» À§Çؼ »ç¿ëÇß´Ù! µÎ¹ø° ±ÔÄ¢ÀÌ ½ÇÁ¦ ÀÛ¾÷À» ÇÑ´Ù. ±×¸®°í µð·ºÅ丮º° ¼³Á¤ÆÄÀÏ /e/netsw/.www/.wwwacl
¿¡ °áÁ¤ÀûÀÎ ¼³Á¤ÀÌ ³ª¿Â´Ù:
Options ExecCGI FollowSymLinks Includes MultiViews RewriteEngine on # ¾Õ ºÎºÐÀÌ /net.sw/ ·Î Á¢±ÙÇÑ´Ù RewriteBase /net.sw/ # ¸ÕÀú ÃÖ»óÀ§ µð·ºÅ丮¸¦ # cgi ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®·Î ÀçÀÛ¼ºÇÑ´Ù RewriteRule ^$ netsw-home.cgi [L] RewriteRule ^index\.html$ netsw-home.cgi [L] # ºê¶ó¿ìÀú°¡ µð·ºÅ丮º° ÆäÀÌÁö¸¦ ¿äûÇÑ °æ¿ì # ÇÏÀ§µð·ºÅ丮¸¦ ÃßÃâÇÑ´Ù RewriteRule ^.+/(netsw-[^/]+/.+)$ $1 [L] # ÀÌÁ¦ ÀçÀÛ¼ºÀ» ¸¶Ä£´Ù RewriteRule ^netsw-home\.cgi.* - [L] RewriteRule ^netsw-changes\.cgi.* - [L] RewriteRule ^netsw-search\.cgi.* - [L] RewriteRule ^netsw-tree\.cgi$ - [L] RewriteRule ^netsw-about\.html$ - [L] RewriteRule ^netsw-img/.*$ - [L] # ´Ù¸¥ cgi ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®°¡ ó¸®ÇÒ # ÇÏÀ§µð·ºÅ丮°¡ ³²¾Ò´Ù RewriteRule !^netsw-lsdir\.cgi.* - [C] RewriteRule (.*) netsw-lsdir.cgi/$1
Çؼ®À» À§ÇÑ ÈùÆ®:
-
')°¡ ¾ø°í L
(last) Ç÷¡±×°¡ ÀÖÀ½À» ÁÖ¸ñÇ϶ó!
(not) ¹®ÀÚ¿Í C
(chain) Ç÷¡±×¸¦ ÁÖ¸ñÇ϶ómod_imap
À¸·Î»ç¶÷µéÀº NCSA À¥¼¹ö¿¡¼ Çö´ëÀûÀÎ ¾ÆÆÄÄ¡ À¥¼¹ö·Î ÀÚ¿¬½º·´°Ô ¿Å°Ü°¡±æ ¹Ù¶õ´Ù. ±×·¡¼ ¿À·¡µÈ NCSA imagemap
ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» »ç¿ëÇÑ ÆäÀÌÁö¸¦ Çö´ëÀûÀÎ ¾ÆÆÄÄ¡ mod_imap
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www IN CNAME www0.foo.com. IN CNAME www1.foo.com. IN CNAME www2.foo.com. IN CNAME www3.foo.com. IN CNAME www4.foo.com. IN CNAME www5.foo.com. IN CNAME www6.foo.com.
À߸øµÈ °Íó·³ º¸ÀÌÁö¸¸, ½ÇÁ¦·Î BIND
ÀÇ ÀǵµµÈ ±â´ÉÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌÁ¦ www.foo.com
À» ãÀ¸¸é, BIND
´Â ¸Å¹ø ¼ø¼¸¦ Á¶±Ý¾¿ ¹Ù²ã°¡¸ç www0-www6
À» ¹ÝȯÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¡¼ Ŭ¶óÀ̾ðÆ®µéÀ» ¿©·¯ ¼¹ö·Î ºÐ»êÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª DNS °Ë»ö °á°ú°¡ ³×Æ®¿÷ÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ ³×ÀÓ¼¹ö¿¡ ij½¬µÇ¿© www.foo.com
À» ãÀº °á°ú°¡ ƯÁ¤ wwwN.foo.com
À̸é Ŭ¶óÀ̾ðÆ®ÀÇ ´ÙÀ½ ¿äûµéµµ °°Àº wwwN.foo.com
À¸·Î º¸³»Áö±â¶§¹®¿¡ ¿Ïº®ÇÑ ·Îµå¹ë·±½Ì ±â¹ýÀÌ ¾Æ´ÔÀ» ÁÖÀÇÇ϶ó. ±×·¯³ª Å©°Ô º¸¸é ¿äûÀÌ ¿©·¯ À¥¼¹ö¿¡ ºÐ»êµÇ¹Ç·Î È¿°ú°¡ ÁÁ´Ù.
http://www.stanford.edu/~schemers/docs/lbnamed/lbnamed.html¿¡ ÀÖ´Â lbnamed
ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© Á¤±³ÇÑ DNS±â¹Ý ·Îµå¹ë·±½ÌÀ» ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. DNS°¡ ½ÇÁ¦ ·Îµå¹ë·±½ÌÀ» Çϵµ·Ï ¸¸µå´Â ¿©·¯ µµ±¸¿Í Perl 5 ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÌ´Ù.
ÀÌ ¹æ¹ýÀº mod_rewrite
¿Í proxy throughput ±â´ÉÀ» »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù. ¸ÕÀú DNS¿¡ ´ÙÀ½ Ç׸ñÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© www0.foo.com
ÀÌ ½ÇÁ¦ www.foo.com
À» Àü´ãÇÏ°Ô ÇÑ´Ù
www IN CNAME www0.foo.com.
±×¸®°í www0.foo.com
À» ÇÁ·Ï½ÃÀü¿ë ¼¹ö·Î º¯°æÇÑ´Ù. Áï, URLÀ» ¹ÞÀ¸¸é ¼¹ö´Â ³»ºÎ ÇÁ·Ï½Ã¸¦ ÅëÇØ ´Ù¸¥ 5´ë ¼¹öÁß (www1-www5
) ÇÑ´ë·Î º¸³»±â¸¸ ÇÑ´Ù. À̸¦ À§ÇØ ¸ÕÀú ¸ðµç URLÀ» ·Îµå¹ë·±½Ì ½ºÅ©¸³Æ® lb.pl
·Î º¸³»´Â ±ÔÄ¢À» ¸¸µç´Ù.
RewriteEngine on RewriteMap lb prg:/path/to/lb.pl RewriteRule ^/(.+)$ ${lb:$1} [P,L]
lb.pl
À» ÀÛ¼ºÇÑ´Ù:
#!/path/to/perl ## ## lb.pl -- ·Îµå¹ë·±½Ì ½ºÅ©¸³Æ® ## $| = 1; $name = "www"; # ±âº» È£½ºÆ®¸í $first = 1; # ù¹ø° ¼¹ö (ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ 0À̱⠶§¹®¿¡, 0À» »ç¿ëÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù) $last = 5; # round-robin¿¡¼ ¸¶Áö¸· ¼¹ö $domain = "foo.dom"; # µµ¸ÞÀθí $cnt = 0; while (<STDIN>) { $cnt = (($cnt+1) % ($last+1-$first)); $server = sprintf("%s%d.%s", $name, $cnt+$first, $domain); print "http://$server/$_"; } ##EOF##
www0.foo.com
¿¡ ºÎ´ãÀÌ °¡Áö¾Ê´Â°¡? ¹°·Ð, ºÎ´ãÀÌ µÈ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ´Ü¼øÇÑ proxy throughput ¿äû¸¸ Çϱ⶧¹®¿¡ ±¦Âú´Ù! ¸ðµç SSI, CGI, ePerl µîÀº ÀüÀûÀ¸·Î ´Ù¸¥ ¼¹ö°¡ ó¸®ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ ÇÙ½ÉÀÌ´Ù.
Çϵå¿þ¾î¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÑ ÇØ°áÃ¥µµ ÀÖ´Ù. Cisco´Â TCP/IP ¼öÁØ¿¡¼ ·Îµå¹ë·±½ÌÀ» ÇÏ´Â LocalDirector¶ó´Â ±«¹°À» ÆÇ´Ù. ½ÇÁ¦·Î´Â À¥¼¹ö±º ¾Õ´Ü¿¡ À§Ä¡ÇÏ´Â ÀÏÁ¾ÀÇ È¸·Î¼öÁØ °ÔÀÌÆ®¿þÀÌ´Ù. ÀÚ±ÝÀÌ ÃæºÐÇÏ°í °í¼º´É ÇØ°áÃ¥ÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù¸é ÀÌ°ÍÀ» »ç¿ëÇ϶ó.
³×Æ®¿÷¿¡´Â ¸ÚÁø CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥µéÀÌ ¸¹´Ù. ±×·¯³ª »ç¿ëÇϱ⠹ø°Å·¯¿ö¼ ¸¹Àº À¥°ü¸®ÀÚ°¡ »ç¿ëÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ¾ÆÆÄÄ¡ÀÇ MIME-type¿¡ µû¸¥ Action Çڵ鷯 ±â´Éµµ CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÌ Æ¯º°ÇÑ URLÀ» (Á¤È®È÷ PATH_INFO
¿Í QUERY_STRINGS
) ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÇ ÀÔ·ÂÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» ¶§¸¸ ÀûÀýÇÏ´Ù. ¸ÕÀú, È®ÀåÀÚ°¡ (secure CGI¸¦ ÁÙ¿©) .scgi
ÀÎ ÆÄÀÏÀ» À¯¸íÇÑ cgiwrap
ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À¸·Î ó¸®ÇϱâÀ§ÇØ »õ·Î¿î typeÀ» ¼³Á¤ÇÑ´Ù. ¹®Á¦´Â (À§¿¡¼ º») ÀÏ°üµÈ URL ±¸Á¶¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì »ç¿ëÀÚ È¨µð·ºÅ丮°¡ /u/user/foo/bar.scgi
°°Àº URLÀÎ Á¡ÀÌ´Ù. cgiwrap
´Â /~user/foo/bar.scgi/
Çü½ÄÀÇ URLÀ» ¿øÇϱ⶧¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ´ÙÀ½ ±ÔÄ¢ÀÌ ¹®Á¦¸¦ ÇØ°áÇÑ´Ù:
RewriteRule ^/[uge]/([^/]+)/\.www/(.+)\.scgi(.*) ... ... /internal/cgi/user/cgiwrap/~$1/$2.scgi$3 [NS,T=application/x-http-cgi]
ÀÌÁ¦ ´Ù¸¥ ¸ÚÁø ÇÁ·Î±×·¥, (URL ÇÏÀ§Æ®¸®¿¡ ´ëÇÑ access.log
¸¦ Ãâ·ÂÇÏ´Â) wwwlog
¿Í (URL ÇÏÀ§Æ®¸®¿¡ Glimpse¸¦ ½ÇÇàÇÏ´Â) wwwidx
°¡ ÀÖ´Ù°í °¡Á¤ÇÏÀÚ. ¿ì¸®´Â ÇÁ·Î±×·¥¿¡°Ô ÀÛ¾÷ÇÒ ´ë»óÀÎ URL ¿µ¿ªÀ» ¾Ë·ÁÁà¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¿äûÇÒ¶§¸¶´Ù Ç×»ó Àû¾îÁà¾ß Çϱ⶧¹®¿¡ ±ò²ûÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Ù. Áï, º¸Åë /u/user/foo/
¿¡ ´ëÇØ swwidx
ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ½ÇÇàÇÑ´Ù¸é ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº ¸µÅ©¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù
/internal/cgi/user/swwidx?i=/u/user/foo/
±ò²ûÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Ù. ¸µÅ©¿¡ ¿µ¿ªÀÇ À§Ä¡¿Í CGI À§Ä¡¸¦ ¸ðµÎ Àû¾î¾ß Çϱ⶧¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ¿µ¿ªÀ» À籸¼ºÇÑ´Ù¸é ¿©·¯ ÇÏÀÌÆÛ¸µÅ©¸¦ ¼öÁ¤Çϴµ¥ ¸¹Àº ½Ã°£ÀÌ °É¸± °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
ÇØ°áÃ¥Àº ÀÚµ¿À¸·Î ÀûÀýÇÑ CGI¸¦ ½ÇÇàÇÏ´Â »õ·Î¿î Ưº°ÇÑ URL Çü½ÄÀ» ¸¸µå´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ¼³Á¤ÇÑ´Ù:
RewriteRule ^/([uge])/([^/]+)(/?.*)/\* /internal/cgi/user/wwwidx?i=/$1/$2$3/ RewriteRule ^/([uge])/([^/]+)(/?.*):log /internal/cgi/user/wwwlog?f=/$1/$2$3
ÀÌÁ¦ /u/user/foo/
À» °Ë»öÇÏ´Â ¸µÅ©´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù
HREF="*" /u/user/foo/* (???)
³»ºÎÀûÀ¸·Î ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ÀÚµ¿º¯È¯µÈ´Ù
/internal/cgi/user/wwwidx?i=/u/user/foo/
°°Àº ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î ¸µÅ© µÚ¿¡ :log
¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© Á¢±Ù ·Î±× CGI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ½ÇÇàÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
¾î¶»°Ô ºê¶ó¿ìÀú¿Í »ç¿ëÀÚ°¡ ¸ð¸£°Ô ÀÚ¿¬½º·´°Ô Á¤Àû ÆäÀÌÁö foo.html
À» µ¿ÀûÀÎ foo.cgi
·Î º¯°æÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ³ª.
URLÀ» CGI ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®·Î ÀçÀÛ¼ºÇÏ°í, MIME-typeÀ» ¼öÁ¤ÇÏ¿© CGI ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®·Î ½ÇÇàÇÏ°Ô ÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¡¼ /~quux/foo.html
¸¦ ¿äûÇÏ¸é ³»ºÎÀûÀ¸·Î /~quux/foo.cgi
¸¦ ½ÇÇàÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù.
RewriteEngine on RewriteBase /~quux/ RewriteRule ^foo\.html$ foo.cgi [T=application/x-httpd-cgi]
ÀÌ ¹æ¹ýÀº ½Ç·Î ºñ±âÀÌ´Ù: µ¿ÀûÀ¸·Î ÆäÀÌÁö¸¦ »ý¼ºÇÏÁö¸¸, Á¤ÀûÀ¸·Î ÆäÀÌÁö¸¦ ¼ºñ½ºÇÑ´Ù. Áï, ÆäÀÌÁö´Â ¼ø¼öÇÏ°Ô (ÆÄÀϽýºÅÛ¿¡¼ ÀÐÀº ³»¿ëÀ» ±×´ë·Î) Á¤Àû ÆäÀÌÁö·Î Àü´ÞµÇÁö¸¸, ¾øÀ» °æ¿ì À¥¼¹ö°¡ µ¿ÀûÀ¸·Î »ý¼ºÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯¸é ´©°¡ (ȤÀº cron ÀÛ¾÷ÀÌ) Á¤Àû ÄÁÅÙÃ÷¸¦ Áö¿ìÁö¾Ê´Â ÇÑ CGI°¡ »ý¼ºÇÑ ÆäÀÌÁö¸¦ Á¤ÀûÀ¸·Î ¼ºñ½ºÇÑ´Ù. ÄÁÅÙÃ÷¸¦ Áö¿ì¸é ³»¿ëÀ» °»½ÅÇÑ´Ù.
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-s RewriteRule ^page\.html$ page.cgi [T=application/x-httpd-cgi,L]
¿©±â¼ page.html
¸¦ ¿äûÇÒ¶§ page.html
ÀÌ ¾ø°Å³ª ÆÄÀÏÅ©±â°¡ 0ÀÎ °æ¿ì ³»ºÎÀûÀ¸·Î page.cgi
¸¦ ½ÇÇàÇÑ´Ù. ¿©±â¼ ºñ°áÀº page.cgi
°¡ ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ CGI ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®¿Í °°ÀÌ STDOUT
¿¡ Ãâ·ÂÇÏ°í, Ãß°¡·Î Ãâ·ÂÀ» page.html
ÆÄÀÏ¿¡ Àû´Â´Ù. Çѹø ½ÇÇàÇÑÈÄ ¼¹ö´Â page.html
ÀÇ Á¤º¸¸¦ º¸³½´Ù. À¥°ü¸®ÀÚ°¡ °Àç·Î ³»¿ëÀ» °»½ÅÇÏ°í ½Í´Ù¸é, (º¸Åë cron ÀÛ¾÷ÀÌ) page.html
À» Áö¿ì±â¸¸ ÇÏ¸é µÈ´Ù.
º¹ÀâÇÑ À¥ÆäÀÌÁö¸¦ ¸¸µé¶§ ÆíÁýÀÚ°¡ ³»¿ëÀ» ¼öÁ¤ÇÒ ¶§¸¶´Ù ÀÚµ¿À¸·Î ÆäÀÌÁö¸¦ »õ·Î °íħÇÏ´Â À¥ºê¶ó¿ìÀú°¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸é ¾ó¸¶³ª ÁÁÀ»±î? ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÑ°¡?
°¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù! MIME multipart ±â´É°ú À¥¼¹ö NPH ±â´É, mod_rewrite
ÀÇ URL Á¶ÀÛ ´É·ÂÀ» °áÇÕÇÏ¸é µÈ´Ù. ¸ÕÀú, »õ·Î¿î URL ±â´ÉÀ» ¸¸µç´Ù: URL¿¡ :refresh
¸¦ Ãß°¡Çϱ⸸ Çϸé ÆÄÀϽýºÅÛ¿¡¼ ¼öÁ¤µÉ ¶§¸¶´Ù »õ·Î °íħÇÑ´Ù.
RewriteRule ^(/[uge]/[^/]+/?.*):refresh /internal/cgi/apache/nph-refresh?f=$1
ÀÌÁ¦ ´ÙÀ½ URL¿¡ Á¢±ÙÇϸé
/u/foo/bar/page.html:refresh
´ÙÀ½ URLÀ» ³»ºÎÀûÀ¸·Î ºÎ¸¥´Ù
/internal/cgi/apache/nph-refresh?f=/u/foo/bar/page.html
ÀÌÁ¦ NPH-CGI ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®¸¸ ³²¾Ò´Ù. º¸Åë "µ¶ÀÚ¿¡°Ô ¿¬½ÀÀ¸·Î ³²°ÜµÒ"À̶ó°í ¸»ÇÏÁö¸¸ ;-) ³ª´Â À̰͵µ Á¦°øÇÑ´Ù.
#!/sw/bin/perl ## ## nph-refresh -- NPH/CGI script for auto refreshing pages ## Copyright (c) 1997 Ralf S. Engelschall, All Rights Reserved. ## $| = 1; # split the QUERY_STRING variable @pairs = split(/&/, $ENV{'QUERY_STRING'}); foreach $pair (@pairs) { ($name, $value) = split(/=/, $pair); $name =~ tr/A-Z/a-z/; $name = 'QS_' . $name; $value =~ s/%([a-fA-F0-9][a-fA-F0-9])/pack("C", hex($1))/eg; eval "\$$name = \"$value\""; } $QS_s = 1 if ($QS_s eq ''); $QS_n = 3600 if ($QS_n eq ''); if ($QS_f eq '') { print "HTTP/1.0 200 OK\n"; print "Content-type: text/html\n\n"; print "<b>ERROR</b>: No file given\n"; exit(0); } if (! -f $QS_f) { print "HTTP/1.0 200 OK\n"; print "Content-type: text/html\n\n"; print "<b>ERROR</b>: File $QS_f not found\n"; exit(0); } sub print_http_headers_multipart_begin { print "HTTP/1.0 200 OK\n"; $bound = "ThisRandomString12345"; print "Content-type: multipart/x-mixed-replace;boundary=$bound\n"; &print_http_headers_multipart_next; } sub print_http_headers_multipart_next { print "\n--$bound\n"; } sub print_http_headers_multipart_end { print "\n--$bound--\n"; } sub displayhtml { local($buffer) = @_; $len = length($buffer); print "Content-type: text/html\n"; print "Content-length: $len\n\n"; print $buffer; } sub readfile { local($file) = @_; local(*FP, $size, $buffer, $bytes); ($x, $x, $x, $x, $x, $x, $x, $size) = stat($file); $size = sprintf("%d", $size); open(FP, "<$file"); $bytes = sysread(FP, $buffer, $size); close(FP); return $buffer; } $buffer = &readfile($QS_f); &print_http_headers_multipart_begin; &displayhtml($buffer); sub mystat { local($file) = $_[0]; local($time); ($x, $x, $x, $x, $x, $x, $x, $x, $x, $mtime) = stat($file); return $mtime; } $mtimeL = &mystat($QS_f); $mtime = $mtime; for ($n = 0; $n < $QS_n; $n++) { while (1) { $mtime = &mystat($QS_f); if ($mtime ne $mtimeL) { $mtimeL = $mtime; sleep(2); $buffer = &readfile($QS_f); &print_http_headers_multipart_next; &displayhtml($buffer); sleep(5); $mtimeL = &mystat($QS_f); last; } sleep($QS_s); } } &print_http_headers_multipart_end; exit(0); ##EOF##
°¡»óÈ£½ºÆ®°¡ ¸î°³¸¸ ÀÖ´Ù¸é ¾ÆÆÄÄ¡ÀÇ <VirtualHost>
±â´ÉÀÌ Àß µ¿ÀÛÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª °¡»óÈ£½ºÆ®°¡ ¼ö¹é°³ ÀÖ´Â ISP¶ó¸é ÀÌ ±â´ÉÀÌ ÃÖ¼±Àº ¾Æ´Ï´Ù.
ÀÌ ±â´ÉÀ» Á¦°øÇÏ·Á¸é Proxy Throughput ±â´ÉÀ» (Ç÷¡±× [P]
) »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ¿ÜºÎ À¥ÆäÀÌÁö ȤÀº Àüü ¿ÜºÎ À¥¿µ¿ªÀ» ¿ì¸®ÀÇ À̸§°ø°£¿¡ ´ëÀÀÇÑ´Ù:
## ## vhost.map ## www.vhost1.dom:80 /path/to/docroot/vhost1 www.vhost2.dom:80 /path/to/docroot/vhost2 : www.vhostN.dom:80 /path/to/docroot/vhostN
## ## httpd.conf ## : # ¸®´ÙÀÌ·ºÆ®ÇÒ¶§ Á¤±Ô È£½ºÆ®¸íÀ» »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù. UseCanonicalName on : # °¡»óÈ£½ºÆ®¸¦ CLF Çü½Ä ¾Õ¿¡ Ãß°¡ÇÑ´Ù CustomLog /path/to/access_log "%{VHOST}e %h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" : # ÁÖ¼¹ö¿¡¼ ÀçÀÛ¼º ¿£ÁøÀ» »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù RewriteEngine on # µÎ ¸ÊÀ» Á¤ÀÇÇÑ´Ù: Çϳª´Â URLÀ» °íÄ¡°í, # ´Ù¸¥ Çϳª´Â °¡»óÈ£½ºÆ®º° DocumentRoot¸¦ # Á¤ÀÇÇÑ´Ù. RewriteMap lowercase int:tolower RewriteMap vhost txt:/path/to/vhost.map # ÀÌÁ¦ Å©°í º¹ÀâÇÑ ±ÔÄ¢ ÇÑ°³¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© # °¡»óÈ£½ºÆ®·Î ´ëÀÀÇÑ´Ù. # # 1. °¡»óÈ£½ºÆ®µéÀÌ °°ÀÌ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â À§Ä¡´Â ´ëÀÀÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/commonurl1/.* RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/commonurl2/.* : RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/commonurlN/.* # # 2. ¿ì¸®°¡ ÇöÀç »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀÌ Host Çì´õ¸¦ # °¡»óÈ£½ºÆ®¸¦ Áö¿øÇϹǷΠ# Host Çì´õ°¡ ÀÖ´ÂÁö È®ÀÎÇÑ´Ù RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^$ # # 3. È£½ºÆ®¸íÀ» ¼Ò¹®ÀÚ·Î ¸¸µç´Ù RewriteCond ${lowercase:%{HTTP_HOST}|NONE} ^(.+)$ # # 4. vhost.map¿¡¼ È£½ºÆ®¸íÀ» ã°í # °æ·ÎÀ϶§¸¸ ±â¾ïÇÑ´Ù # (À§¿¡¼ "NONE"Àº ¾Æ´Ï´Ù) RewriteCond ${vhost:%1} ^(/.*)$ # # 5. ¸¶Áö¸·À¸·Î URLÀ» ¹®¼ À§Ä¡·Î ´ëÀÀÇÏ°í # ·Î±×¿¡ ³²±â±âÀ§ÇØ °¡»óÈ£½ºÆ®¸¦ ±â¾ïÇØ µÐ´Ù RewriteRule ^/(.*)$ %1/$1 [E=VHOST:${lowercase:%{HTTP_HOST}}] :
¾î¶»°Ô Çϸé ƯÁ¤ À¥°ø°£ÀÇ ÆäÀÌÁö¸¦ ±Ü¾î¸ðÀ¸´Â ±ÍÂúÀº ·Îº¿À» ¸·À» ¼ö ÀÖ³ª? "Robot Exclusion Protocol" Ç׸ñÀ» ÀúÀåÇÑ /robots.txt
ÆÄÀÏÀº º¸Åë ÀÌ·± ·Îº¿À» ¸·´Âµ¥ ÃæºÐÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Ù.
(¾Æ¸¶µµ µð·ºÅ丮°¡ ±í¾î¼ ·Îº¿ÀÌ µ¹¾Æ´Ù´Ï¸é ¼¹ö¿¡ ºÎ´ãÀÌ Å« °æ¿ì) À¥°ø°£ /~quux/foo/arc/
¿¡ ÀÖ´Â URLµéÀ» °ÅºÎÇÏ´Â ±ÔÄ¢À» »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù. ¿ì¸®´Â ƯÁ¤ ·Îº¿ÀÇ Á¢±ÙÀ» ¸·¾Æ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. Áï, ·Îº¿À» ½ÇÇàÇϴ ȣ½ºÆ®¸¦ ¸·´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î´Â ºÒÃæºÐÇϸç, ±× È£½ºÆ®ÀÇ »ç¿ëÀÚµµ ¸·¾Æ¹ö¸®°Ô µÈ´Ù. User-Agent HTTP Çì´õ Á¤º¸µµ ºñ±³ÇÑ´Ù.
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^NameOfBadRobot.* RewriteCond %{REMOTE_ADDR} ^123\.45\.67\.[8-9]$ RewriteRule ^/~quux/foo/arc/.+ - [F]
http://www.quux-corp.de/~quux/
¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ÆäÀÌÁöµéÀÌ GIF ±×¸²À» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ´Ù°í °¡Á¤ÇÏÀÚ. ÀÌ ±×¸²ÀÌ ¸ÚÀÖ¾î¼, ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ÆäÀÌÁö¿¡ Á÷Á¢ ¸µÅ©¸¦ °Ç´Ù. ¼¹ö¿¡ ºÒÇÊ¿äÇÑ ºÎ´ãÀÌ µÇ¹Ç·Î ¸·°í ½Í´Ù.
±×¸²À» 100% º¸È£ÇÒ ¼ö´Â ¾øÁö¸¸, ÃÖ¼ÒÇÑ ºê¶ó¿ìÀú°¡ HTTP Referer Çì´õ¸¦ º¸³»´Â °æ¿ì Á¦ÇÑÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^$ RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http://www.quux-corp.de/~quux/.*$ [NC] RewriteRule .*\.gif$ - [F]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^$ RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !.*/foo-with-gif\.html$ RewriteRule ^inlined-in-foo\.gif$ - [F]
¾î¶»°Ô ¿ÜºÎ¿¡¼ ¼¹ö¿¡ Á¢±ÙÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â È£½ºÆ® ¸ñ·ÏÀ» ¼³Á¤ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ³ª?
¾ÆÆÄÄ¡ >= 1.3b6¿¡¼:
RewriteEngine on RewriteMap hosts-deny txt:/path/to/hosts.deny RewriteCond ${hosts-deny:%{REMOTE_HOST}|NOT-FOUND} !=NOT-FOUND [OR] RewriteCond ${hosts-deny:%{REMOTE_ADDR}|NOT-FOUND} !=NOT-FOUND RewriteRule ^/.* - [F]
¾ÆÆÄÄ¡ <= 1.3b6¿¡¼:
RewriteEngine on RewriteMap hosts-deny txt:/path/to/hosts.deny RewriteRule ^/(.*)$ ${hosts-deny:%{REMOTE_HOST}|NOT-FOUND}/$1 RewriteRule !^NOT-FOUND/.* - [F] RewriteRule ^NOT-FOUND/(.*)$ ${hosts-deny:%{REMOTE_ADDR}|NOT-FOUND}/$1 RewriteRule !^NOT-FOUND/.* - [F] RewriteRule ^NOT-FOUND/(.*)$ /$1
## ## hosts.deny ## ## ÁÖÀÇ! ÀÌ°ÍÀº ¸ñ·Ïó·³ º¸ÀÌÁö¸¸ ¸ñ·ÏÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ¸ÊÀÌ´Ù. ## mod_rewrite´Â ÀÌ Á¤º¸¸¦ Å°/°ª ½ÖÀ¸·Î Çؼ®Çϱ⶧¹®¿¡, ## °¢ Ç׸ñÀÇ °ª ÀÚ¸®¿¡ ÃÖ¼ÒÇÑ "-"°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù. ## 193.102.180.41 - bsdti1.sdm.de - 192.76.162.40 -
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¸ÕÀú ¾ÆÆÄÄ¡ À¥¼¹ö¸¦ ÄÄÆÄÀÏÇÒ¶§ ±¸¼ºÆÄÀÏ¿¡¼ mod_rewrite
°¡ mod_proxy
¾Æ·¡¿¡(!) ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯¸é mod_rewrite
´Â mod_proxy
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RewriteCond %{REMOTE_HOST} ^badhost\.mydomain\.com$ RewriteRule !^http://[^/.]\.mydomain.com.* - [F]
...±×¸®°í ´ÙÀ½Àº user@host¿¡ µû¶ó °ÅºÎÇÑ´Ù:
RewriteCond %{REMOTE_IDENT}@%{REMOTE_HOST} ^badguy@badhost\.mydomain\.com$ RewriteRule !^http://[^/.]\.mydomain.com.* - [F]
°¡²û ¸Å¿ì Ưº°ÇÑ ÀÎÁõÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÒ ¶§°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î, ¹Ì¸® ¼³Á¤ÇصР»ç¿ëÀÚÀÎÁö °Ë»çÇÑ´Ù. À̵鿡°Ô¸¸ (mod_auth
ÀÇ Basic Auth¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÑ °æ¿ì¿Í ´Þ¸®) º°´Ù¸¥ ¹°À½¾øÀÌ Á¢±ÙÀ» Çã¿ëÇÑ´Ù.
Ä£±¸¸¸ Á¢±ÙÀÌ °¡´ÉÇϵµ·Ï ÀçÀÛ¼º ±ÔÄ¢µéÀ» »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù:
RewriteCond %{REMOTE_IDENT}@%{REMOTE_HOST} !^[email protected]\.com$ RewriteCond %{REMOTE_IDENT}@%{REMOTE_HOST} !^friend2@client2.quux-corp\.com$ RewriteCond %{REMOTE_IDENT}@%{REMOTE_HOST} !^friend3@client3.quux-corp\.com$ RewriteRule ^/~quux/only-for-friends/ - [F]
"Referer" HTTP Çì´õ¿¡ µû¶ó ¿øÇϴ´ë·Î ÂüÁ¶ÆäÀÌÁö¸¦ ¼³Á¤ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â À¯¿¬ÇÑ URL º¯È¯±â¸¦ ¸¸µé ¼ö Àִ°¡?
´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ º¹ÀâÇÑ ±ÔÄ¢À»...
RewriteMap deflector txt:/path/to/deflector.map RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !="" RewriteCond ${deflector:%{HTTP_REFERER}} ^-$ RewriteRule ^.* %{HTTP_REFERER} [R,L] RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !="" RewriteCond ${deflector:%{HTTP_REFERER}|NOT-FOUND} !=NOT-FOUND RewriteRule ^.* ${deflector:%{HTTP_REFERER}} [R,L]
... ÀçÀÛ¼º ¸Ê°ú °°ÀÌ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù:
## ## deflector.map ## http://www.badguys.com/bad/index.html - http://www.badguys.com/bad/index2.html - http://www.badguys.com/bad/index3.html http://somewhere.com/
±×·¯¸é ¿äûÀ» ÀÚµ¿À¸·Î (¸Ê¿¡¼ °ªÀ¸·Î "-
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FAQ: ¾î¶»°Ô ÀÌ·±Àú·± Àâ´ÙÇÑ ¹®Á¦¸¦ Ç® ¼ö Àִ°¡? mod_rewrite
·Î´Â ÇØ°áÃ¥ÀÌ ¾Èº¸ÀδÙ...
¿ÜºÎ RewriteMap
À» »ç¿ëÇ϶ó. Áï, ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÌ RewriteMap
¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÑ´Ù. ÇÁ·Î±×·¥Àº ¾ÆÆÄÄ¡°¡ ½ÃÀÛÇÒ¶§ ½ÃÀÛÇÏ¿© STDIN
¿¡¼ ¿äûÇÑ URLÀ» ¹Þ°í, (°°Àº ¼ø¼·Î!) °á°ú (º¸Åë ÀçÀÛ¼ºµÈ) URLÀ» STDOUT
¿¡ Ãâ·ÂÇÑ´Ù.
RewriteEngine on RewriteMap quux-map prg:/path/to/map.quux.pl RewriteRule ^/~quux/(.*)$ /~quux/${quux-map:$1}
#!/path/to/perl # ¾ÆÆÄÄ¡ ¼¹ö°¡ ¸ØÃßÁö ¾Êµµ·Ï # ÀÔÃâ·Â ¹öÆÛ¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù $| = 1; # stdin¿¡¼ ÇÑÁÙ¾¿ URLÀ» Àаí # stdout¿¡ º¯È¯ÇÑ URLÀ» Ãâ·ÂÇÑ´Ù while (<>) { s|^foo/|bar/|; print $_; }
¼³¸íÇϱâÀ§ÇØ ¸ðµç /~quux/foo/...
URLÀ» /~quux/bar/...
·Î ÀçÀÛ¼ºÇÏ´Â ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®¸¦ ¿¹·Î µé¾ú´Ù. ½ÇÁ¦·Î ¸¶À½´ë·Î ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¹ÖÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀÏ¹Ý »ç¿ëÀÚ°¡ ÀÌ·± ¸ÊÀ» »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ÇÏ´õ¶ó°í, ¿ÀÁ÷ ½Ã½ºÅÛ °ü¸®ÀÚ¸¸ÀÌ ¸ÊÀ» Á¤ÀÇÇØ¾ß ÇÔÀ» ÁÖÀÇÇ϶ó.